胡適留學日記卷十五四七、威爾遜連任總統演說詞要旨

卷十五四七、威爾遜連任總統演說詞要旨

　　下所載為昨日威爾遜第二任總統就職演說詞中之要旨。

　　We stand firm in armed neutrality, since it seems that in no other way we can demonstrate what it is we insist upon and cannot iorego. We may even be drawn on, by circumstances, not by our own purpose or desire, to a more active assertion of our rights as we see them and a more immediate association with the great struggle itself.

　　We are Drovincials no longer. The tragical events of the thirty months of vital turmoil through which we have just passed have made us citizens of the world. There can be no turning hack, our own fortunes as a nation are involved, whether we would have it so or not.

　　And yet we are not the less Americans on that account. We shall be the more American if we but remain true to the principles in which we have been bred. They are not the principles of a province or of a single continent. We have known and boasted all along that they were the principles of a liberated mankind. These, therefore, are the things we shall stand for, whether in war or in peace:

　　That all nations are equally interested in the peace of the world and in the political stability of free peoples, and equally responsible for their maintenance.

　　That the essential principle of peace is the actual equality of nations in all matters of right or privilege.

　　That peace cannot securely or justly rest upon an armed balance of powar.

　　That Governments derive all their just powers from the consent of the governed and that no other powers should be supported by the common thought, purpose, or power of the family of nations.

　　That the seas should be equally free and safe for the use of all peoples, under rules set up by common agreement and consent, and that, so far as practicable, they should be accessible to all upon equal terms.

　　That national armaments should be limited to the necessities of national order and domestic safety.

　　That the community of interest and of power upon which peace must henceforth depend imposes upon each nation the duty of seeing to it that all influences proceeding from its own citizens meant to encourage or assist revolution in other states should be sternly and effectually suppressed and prevented.

　　〔中譯〕

　　我們堅決採取武裝中立的立場，因為舍此以外我們無法表達什麼是我們所要堅持和不能放棄的東西。也許並非出於我們自身的目的和願望，而是客觀情勢迫使我們更為主動地表明我們的立場，因為我們已從大戰本身聯想到並清楚地意識到了這一點。

　　我們不再是獨居一隅。剛剛過去的三十個月大混亂的悲慘經歷，已使我們成為世界公民。歷史不可能後退。不論我們是否情願，吾國之命運已經捲入其中了。

　　但我們並不因此而減少我們作為美國人的特點，只要我們永遠對那些我們曾經深受教誨的原則保持忠誠，我們的美國特色將有增無減。這些原則不是某個省或某個洲所獨有的。我們一直認同和鼓吹它們是人類解放的原則。因此，不管是在戰爭期間還是和平時期，這些原則都是我們必須予以堅持的：

　　世界各國對世界和平和自由民族的政治穩定同樣地感興趣，並對各自的主張同樣地負責。

　　和平原則的精髄在於各國對一切事務之權利享有實際的平等。

　　不能借助武裝力量的平衡以安全、公正地獲得和平。

　　政府之權力生於被治者之承認。在這個世界大家庭中，各國不必服從於同一種思想、目的或共同之權威。

　　在遵守公約規定的準則下，各國人民可平等地、自由地、安全地使用海洋，並在相等條件下能實際進入海洋。

　　各國軍備應被限制在足夠維持國內秩序和安全的限度內。

　　和平賴以建立的利益與權力之一致，要求各國承擔這樣的責任：即對出自其國民的任何旨在鼓動和支持別國革命的所有影響，應堅決有效地加以壓制和阻止。

學達書庫(xuoda.com)